数字经济下电商物流从业者压力分析及社会工作多层次介入路径研究

Analysis of Pressure for E-Commerce Logistics Practitioners in the Digital Economy and Study on Multi Level Intervention Path of Social Work

摘要: 随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，电商物流行业作为其不可或缺的支撑体系，经历了前所未有的增长。然而，在这繁荣景象背后，电商物流从业者却面临着复杂多元的工作压力。本研究通过构建压力类型学模型，从生理性、技术性、心理性和发展性四个维度解构从业者压力源，并基于生态系统理论和赋权理论，构建分层式介入框架。研究揭示了电商物流从业者面临由算法管控、身体损耗、情绪劳动等构成的复合压力生态，据此提出微观层面的个体韧性建设、中观层面的组织生态优化和宏观层面的政策环境重塑的三级介入模式，为社会工作介入提供了系统化方案。社会工作以其“人在情境中”的专业视角，能有效回应电商物流从业者的压力问题。将专业社会工作服务纳入行业治理体系，不仅为电商物流行业实现高质量发展提供了重要支持，也是建设人性化电商物流生态的必然要求。

Abstract: With the vigorous development of the digital economy, the e-commerce logistics industry, as an indispensable support system, has experienced unprecedented growth. However, behind this prosperity, e-commerce logistics practitioners are facing complex and diverse work pressure. By constructing a stress typology model, this study deconstructs practitioner stressors from four dimensions: physiological, technical, psychological, and developmental, and draws on ecosystem theory and empowerment theory to construct a stress typology model, constructing a layered framework for intervention. The study reveals that e-commerce logistics practitioners face a complex pressure ecology composed of algorithmic control, physical depletion, and emotional labor, accordingly, this paper puts forward a three-level intervention model of individual resilience construction at the micro level, organizational ecology optimization at the meso level and policy environment remodeling at the macro level, which provides a systematic scheme for social work intervention. Social work can effectively respond to the pressure of e-commerce logistics practitioners with its professional perspective of “people in the situation”. The integration of professional social work services into the industry governance system not only provides important support for the high-quality development of the e-commerce logistics industry, but also is an inevitable requirement for the construction of humanized e-commerce logistics ecology.