全数字化乳腺钼靶X线摄影在早期乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值

Application Value of Full Digital Mammography in Early Breast Cancer Screening

摘要: 目的：探讨全数字化乳腺钼靶X线摄影在早期乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值。方法：选取2024年3月至2025年4月本院收治的30例早期乳腺癌患者作为早癌组，另选择同期本院收治的30例良性组乳腺疾病患者作为良性组组。两组患者均完成全数字化乳腺钼靶X线摄影，收集两组患者摄影图像，对比分析两组摄片征象，如病变大小、边缘、密度、形态、钙化情况等影像学特征差异性。结果：早癌组乳腺病灶形态规则者占比(16.67%)显著低于良性组组(60.00%) (P < 0.05)；早癌组乳腺病灶边缘毛刺征者占比(46.67%)显著高于良性组组(6.67%) (P < 0.05)；早癌组乳腺病灶边缘分叶者占比(33.33%)显著高于良性组组(6.67%) (P < 0.05)；早癌组乳腺病灶边缘模糊者占比(76.67%)显著高于良性组组(33.33%) (P < 0.05)。早癌组乳腺癌钼靶X线摄片肿块征象检出率(56.67%)显著高于良性组组(13.33%) (P < 0.05)；早癌组乳腺病灶钙化率(63.33%)显著高于良性组组(26.67%) (P < 0.05)；早癌组乳腺病灶结构扭曲率(16.67%)显著高于良性组组(0) (P < 0.05)。结论：全数字化乳腺钼靶X线摄影可有效明确早期乳腺癌影像学特征，可为早期乳腺癌筛查提供可靠的参考资料，有助于尽早识别乳腺癌征象，促进患者尽早治疗并改善预后，应用价值较高。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application value of full digital mammography in early breast cancer screening. Methods: 30 patients with early breast cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the early cancer group, and 30 patients with benign breast disease admitted to our hospital at the same time were selected as the benign group. Both groups of patients completed fully digital mammography and collected their imaging images. The differences in imaging features such as lesion size, edge, density, morphology, and calcification were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Result: The proportion of breast lesions with regular morphology in the early cancer group (16.67%) was significantly lower than that in the benign group (60.00%) (P < 0.05); The proportion of breast lesion edge spiculation in the early cancer group (46.67%) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (6.67%) (P < 0.05); The proportion of breast lesions with edge lobulation in the early cancer group (33.33%) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (6.67%) (P < 0.05); The proportion of breast lesions with blurred edges in the early cancer group (76.67%) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (33.33%) (P < 0.05). The detection rate of mass signs on molybdenum target X-ray film of breast cancer in early cancer group (56.67%) was significantly higher than that in benign group (13.33%) (P < 0.05); The calcification rate of breast lesions in the early cancer group (63.33%) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (26.67%) (P < 0.05); The structural distortion rate of breast lesions in the early cancer group (16.67%) was significantly higher than that in the benign group (0) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Full digital mammography can effectively clarify the imaging characteristics of early breast cancer, provide reliable reference data for early breast cancer screening, help to identify the signs of breast cancer as soon as possible, promote early treatment and improve the prognosis of patients, with high application value.