三峡库区植物篱系统土壤有机质分布及其与土壤理化性质的关系

Soil Organic Matter Distribution and the Relationship between Physicochemical Properties of Hedgerow Systems in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

摘要: 在调查分析长江上游现有坡耕地植物篱的配置方式、生长状况和室内分析植物篱系统内土壤有机质和土壤理化性质分析的基础上，对3种植物篱系统中土壤有机质分布特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系进行了研究，结果表明：坡耕地系统中不同位置土壤有机质含量存在显著差异，3种植物篱带间坡耕地土壤有机质平均含量为6.33 g∙kg⁻¹，植物篱带上、带内和植物篱带下土壤有机质含量比植物篱带间坡耕地土壤有机质平均含量分别增加27.9%，67.3%和31.6%；植物篱系统内土壤有机质与土壤孔隙度、土壤含水量、饱和导水率、土壤抗冲指数、土壤抗蚀指数、水稳性团聚体极显著正相关，而与土壤容重呈显著负相关关系。土壤有机质与土壤全氮、水解氮、土壤全钾、有效钾、全磷、有效磷和阳离子交换量具有极显著正相关关系。

Abstract: To achieve the soil organic matter distribution characters and the relationship between physicochemical properties of hedgerow systems in the Three Gorges reservoir area, soil organic matter and physicochemical properties of soil collected from different position in hedgerow systems with different species were tested, and the coefficient between soil organic matter and physicochemical properties was analyzed. The result revealed that 1) the mean value of soil organic matter of the steep land between hedgerows was 6.33 g∙kg⁻¹, and the soil organic matter of soil before, within and behind the hedgerows were higher than that of soil in steep land between hedgerows, by 27.9%, 67.3% and 31.6% respectively. 2) The organic matter of soil in hedgerow systems was correlated positively and highly significantly (P < 0. 01) with the soil porosity, water content, soil saturated water conductivity, anti-erodibility, anti-scouribility and soil water stable aggregates content, and correlated negatively with soil bulk density. In addition, the organic matter of soil in hedgerow systems was highly correlated with soil nutrients, containing total and exchangeable nitrogen, total and exchangeable phosphorus, total and exchangeable potassium, and cation exchangeable capacity.