跨境电子商务的法律困境与规制路径研究

Study on the Legal Dilemmas and Regulatory Paths of Cross-Border E-Commerce

摘要: 随着数字经济与全球化的深度融合，跨境电子商务已成为国际贸易的核心增长极，但其跨国性、虚拟性、技术性特征引发了一系列独特的法律挑战。本文基于跨境电子商务的交易本质与发展现状，系统分析了跨境电商在消费者权益保护、平台责任认定、知识产权保护、数据安全与个人信息保护、纠纷解决机制等领域的核心法律困境，探讨了不同法域的规制模式差异。研究认为，跨境电商法律规制需秉持“利益平衡”与“协同治理”原则，通过健全国内专项立法、强化平台主体责任、完善跨境纠纷在线解决机制等路径，构建适配数字经济发展的法治化框架，为跨境电子商务的健康可持续发展提供制度保障。

Abstract: With the deep integration of the digital economy and globalization, cross-border e-commerce has become a core growth driver of international trade. However, its transnational, virtual, and technical characteristics have given rise to a series of unique legal challenges. Based on the transaction essence and development status of cross-border e-commerce, this paper systematically analyzes the core legal dilemmas in areas such as consumer rights protection, platform liability determination, intellectual property protection, data security and personal information protection, and dispute resolution mechanisms. It also explores the differences in regulatory models across various jurisdictions. The study argues that the legal regulation of cross-border e-commerce should adhere to the principles of “interest balance” and “collaborative governance”. A legal framework adapted to the development of the digital economy can be constructed through pathways such as improving specialized domestic legislation, strengthening the primary responsibility of platforms, optimizing online cross-border dispute resolution mechanisms, thereby providing institutional guarantees for the healthy and sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce.