基于订单农业供应链的农户最优投保策略研究

Research on the Optimal Insurance Strategy for Farmers Based on Order Agriculture Supply Chain

摘要: 订单农业供应链是指以农产品订购合同的形式，连接农户与农产品加工企业的现代农业产销模式，在促农增收方面发挥着重要的作用。农业保险与订单农业供应链的协同机制是优化农业风险管理的关键路径。本文针对农业保险产品的局限性，提出农户自主投保的最优策略，通过构建Stackelberg博弈模型，研究得出了在农业风险下，订单农业供应链中农户购买保险的最优策略以及供应链增值效应。研究结果表明：第一，农户购买保险后可通过供应链实现农业保险价值增值效应，并且全额投保和自主决策投保比例的增值效果不同；第二，相较于无保险策略，最优投保比例策略会提升农户收益，单一全额投保在特殊情况下反而会损害农户利益。

Abstract: The order agriculture supply chain refers to a modern agricultural production and sales model that connects farmers and agricultural product processing enterprises in the form of agricultural product ordering contracts, playing an important role in promoting agricultural income growth. The collaborative mechanism between agricultural insurance and contract agriculture supply chain is the key path to optimizing agricultural risk management. This article proposes the optimal strategy for farmers to purchase insurance independently based on the limitations of agricultural insurance products. By constructing a Stackelberg game model, the optimal strategy for farmers to purchase insurance in the order agriculture supply chain under agricultural risks and the value-added effect of the supply chain are studied. The research results indicate that: firstly, farmers can achieve the value-added effect of agricultural insurance through the supply chain after purchasing insurance, and the value-added effect of full insurance and autonomous decision-making insurance ratio is different; Secondly, compared to the uninsured strategy, the optimal insurance coverage ratio strategy will increase farmers’ income, while a single full insurance coverage may actually harm farmers’ interests in special circumstances.