Web3.0时代去中心化电商模式的理论构建与发展困境

Theoretical Construction and Development Dilemmas of Decentralized E-Commerce Model in the Web3.0 Era

摘要: 立足Web3.0技术爆发背景，本研究聚焦去中心化电商这一新兴业态，系统探讨其核心内涵、理论体系与发展困境。研究界定了去中心化电商“区块链为信任基石、智能合约为执行载体、DAO为治理核心”的核心属性，构建了“三层协同技术架构–四维动态运行机制–三维价值创造逻辑”的完整理论框架，并通过对比分析揭示其与中心化电商在治理机制、数据归属等维度的本质差异。同时，深入剖析该模式面临的技术性能瓶颈、合规监管冲突、市场接受度不足等三重困境，提出技术优化、合规适配、市场培育的协同解决方案。研究弥补了现有研究对技术–模式–生态适配逻辑探讨的空白，为去中心化电商的理论完善与实践落地提供了系统性参考，也为电商行业突破中心化垄断提供了新路径。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the explosive development of Web3.0 technologies, this study focuses on the emerging format of decentralized e-commerce and systematically explores its core connotation, theoretical system, and development dilemmas. The research defines the core attributes of decentralized e-commerce, which takes “blockchain as the cornerstone of trust, smart contracts as the execution carrier, and DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) as the core of governance”, and constructs a complete theoretical framework consisting of “a three-tier collaborative technology architecture, a four-dimensional dynamic operation mechanism, and a three-dimensional value creation logic”. Through comparative analysis, it reveals the essential differences between decentralized e-commerce and centralized e-commerce in dimensions such as governance mechanism and data ownership. Meanwhile, the study deeply analyzes the three major dilemmas faced by this model, including technical performance bottlenecks, compliance and regulatory conflicts, and insufficient market acceptance, and proposes a coordinated solution involving technical optimization, compliance adaptation, and market cultivation. This research fills the gap in existing studies regarding the exploration of the adaptation logic among technology, model, and ecology, provides systematic references for the theoretical improvement and practical implementation of decentralized e-commerce, and also offers a new path for the e-commerce industry to break through centralized monopoly.