数字化转型与跨境电商驱动下中国制造业中小企业国际竞争力构建研究——以手机行业为例

Research on the Construction of International Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises in China Driven by Digital Transformation and Cross-Border E-Commerce—A Case Study of the Mobile Phone Industry

摘要: 在全球价值链深度调整与数字经济蓬勃发展的双重背景下，中国制造业中小企业正面临提升国际市场竞争力的紧迫课题。数字化转型与跨境电商的融合，为这类企业突破资源约束、直达全球市场提供了革命性路径。本文以资源基础观与动态能力理论为基石，构建了“数字资源–数字能力–竞争优势–国际市场绩效”的理论分析框架，并以典型的高技术制造业——手机行业为例，系统探讨了中国制造业中小企业如何借力数字化转型与跨境电商构建并提升其国际竞争力。研究认为，企业通过积累与整合数据资产、数字化平台等数字资源，培育数据分析、敏捷响应等数字能力，进而转化为成本领先、产品差异化、品牌声誉等竞争优势，最终实现出口增长与市场渗透等绩效目标。本文亦深入剖析了该群体在实践过程中面临的数据合规、技术整合、平台依赖及跨文化人才短缺等具体挑战，并提出了强化隐私计算技术应用、构建混合渠道模式、实施本地化数字营销等针对性策略。本研究旨在为数字经济时代中国制造业中小企业的国际化实践提供兼具理论系统性与行业情境性的行动指引。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the deep adjustment of the global value chain and the vigorous development of the digital economy, small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China are now confronted with the urgent task of enhancing their international market competitiveness. The integration of digital transformation and cross-border e-commerce offers a revolutionary path for such enterprises to break through resource constraints and reach the global market directly. Based on the resource-based perspective and dynamic capability theory, this paper constructs a theoretical analysis framework of “digital resources-digital capabilities-competitive advantages-international market performance”, and takes the typical high-tech manufacturing industry, the mobile phone industry as an example to systematically explore how small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China can leverage digital transformation and cross-border e-commerce to build and enhance their international competitiveness. Research suggests that enterprises can accumulate and integrate digital resources such as data assets and digital platforms, cultivate digital capabilities like data analysis and agile response, and then transform them into competitive advantages such as cost leadership, product differentiation, and brand reputation, ultimately achieving performance goals such as export growth and market penetration. This article also delves deeply into the specific challenges faced by this group in the practical process, such as data compliance, technology integration, platform dependence, and shortage of cross-cultural talents, and proposes targeted strategies such as strengthening the application of privacy computing technology, building a hybrid channel model, and implementing localized digital marketing. This study aims to provide action guidance that combines theoretical systematicness and industry context for the internationalization practices of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in China in the digital economy era.