嘉祥县儿童口腔健康现状分析及对策研究

Analysis of the Current Status of Children’s Oral Health in Jiaxiang County and Research on Countermeasures

摘要: 目的：儿童口腔健康直接关系到咀嚼功能发育、语言表达、面部美观及整体健康水平。为全面掌握嘉祥县儿童口腔健康现状及影响因素，本研究通过问卷调查方式，分析当地儿童口腔健康行为、常见疾病发生情况及家长认知水平，并提出针对性干预建议。方法：设计并发放《儿童口腔健康状况调查问卷》，内容涵盖基本信息、口腔健康行为、口腔疾病状况、就医与预防措施及家长认知等方面。调查对象为嘉祥县辖区内学龄前及学龄儿童家长，采用匿名填写方式收集数据，并进行统计分析。结果：仍有部分儿童未能达到每天刷牙两次的建议标准，含氟牙膏使用率及窝沟封闭、涂氟等预防措施知晓率、覆盖率较低；龋齿及牙齿不齐为主要口腔问题；家长普遍意识到刷牙及饮食习惯的重要性，但对定期口腔检查及专业预防措施的认知不足。结论：嘉祥县儿童口腔健康状况有待改善，应加强口腔健康教育，推广含氟牙膏使用、窝沟封闭及定期口腔检查等措施，构建家庭–学校–医疗机构协作的综合干预体系，以提高儿童口腔健康水平。

Abstract: Objective: Children’s oral health directly impacts chewing function development, language expression, facial aesthetics, and overall health status. To comprehensively understand the current state of children’s oral health and its influencing factors in Jiaxiang County, this study employs a questionnaire survey to analyze local children’s oral health behaviors, prevalence of common diseases, and parental awareness levels, thereby proposing targeted intervention recommendations. Methods: The “Child Oral Health Status Survey Questionnaire” was designed and distributed. It covered basic information, oral health behaviors, oral disease status, medical care and preventive measures, and parental awareness. The survey targeted parents of preschool and school-age children within Jiaxiang County. Data were collected via anonymous completion and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: A portion of children still failed to meet the recommended standard of brushing twice daily. The usage rate of fluoride toothpaste and awareness/coverage rates of preventive measures such as pit and fissure sealants and fluoride varnish remained low. Dental caries and malocclusion were the primary oral health issues. While parents generally recognized the importance of brushing and dietary habits, their awareness of regular dental check-ups and professional preventive measures was insufficient. Conclusion: The oral health status of children in Jiaxiang County requires improvement. Efforts should focus on strengthening oral health education, promoting the use of fluoride toothpaste, pit and fissure sealants, and regular dental check-ups. A comprehensive intervention system involving collaboration between families, schools, and medical institutions should be established to enhance children’s oral health.