消费者权益保护视角下电商平台法律责任问题研究

Research on Legal Liability of E-Commerce Platforms from the Perspective of Consumer Rights Protection

摘要: 网络购物平台迅猛发展，消费者权益受损场景下平台责任界定成为保障消费者权益与平台经济治理的关键议题。本文聚焦于消费者权利的保护，深入探讨了电商平台的法律责任问题。研究发现，当前电商平台责任承担存在立法与司法双重困境。立法层面，“相应责任”内涵模糊、安全保障义务规定不具体，导致平台义务边界与责任形态难以界定；司法层面，法院裁判尺度不一、举证责任配置失衡，加剧了消费者维权难度。最后，从立法与司法协同的角度，提出了完善电商平台法律责任体系的针对性建议，立法上明确“相应责任”的具体形态与适用条件，完善电商平台的安全保障义务；司法上强化平台的审核与监督责任，发布指导性案例统一裁判尺度，构建合理的举证责任分配机制，以更好地保护消费者权益，规范电商平台承担的法律责任。

Abstract: The rapid development of e-commerce platforms has made the delineation of platform responsibilities in consumer rights infringement scenarios a critical issue for safeguarding consumer rights and governing platform economy. This study focuses on consumer rights protection and conducts an in-depth exploration of legal liabilities of e-commerce platforms. Research findings reveal dual dilemmas in both legislation and adjudication in current e-commerce platform liability accountability. Legally, the vague connotation of “corresponding liability” and the imprecise stipulations on safety assurance obligations render it challenging to define platform obligations and liability forms. Judicially, inconsistent court rulings and imbalanced allocation of evidentiary burdens exacerbate difficulties for consumers in asserting their rights. Finally, from a legislative-judicial coordination perspective, this paper proposes targeted recommendations to improve the legal liability system of e-commerce platforms: legislatively clarifying specific forms and application conditions of “corresponding liability” while refining safety assurance obligations of e-commerce platforms; and judicially strengthening platforms’ review and supervisory responsibilities, issuing guiding case precedents to standardize judicial rulings, and establishing a reasonable allocation mechanism for evidentiary burdens, thereby better protecting consumer rights and regulating platform liability accountability.