破产管理人待履行合同解除权的行使及限制

Exercise and Limitation of the Insolvency Representative’s Right to Discharge a Contract Pending Performance

摘要: 破产管理人的待履行合同解除权是破产法中的重要一环，然而现行法律对其行使标准和限制规定尚不完善。待履行合同兼具资产与负债属性，蕴含着显著的经济价值，其解除应遵循债务人财产保值增值、平衡利益和维护公共利益原则。为完善法律体系，在将来的修法时采取“一般条款 + 特别列举”的方式，在《破产法》第18条的基础上完善管理人解除合同的行使标准，同时增加特别限制不动产租赁合同、居住型商品房买卖合同、经预告登记的商品房买卖合同等具有特殊价值的合同的解除权使用，以维护合同相对人的权益，促进破产程序的良性发展。

Abstract: The insolvency administrator’s right to discharge a contract to be performed is an important part of the insolvency law, but the current law is not yet complete in terms of the criteria and restrictions on its exercise. As the contract to be performed has the attributes of both assets and liabilities and contains significant economic value, its discharge should follow the principles of preserving and increasing the value of the debtor’s property, balancing the interests and safeguarding the public interest. In order to improve the legal system, in the future amendment of the Law, the method of “general provisions + special enumeration” shall be adopted to improve the criteria for the exercise of the administrator’s right of rescission on the basis of Article 18 of the Bankruptcy Law, and at the same time, special restrictions shall be added on the use of the right of rescission of contracts of special value such as the contract of lease of immovable property. The use of the right of discharge for contracts of special value such as real estate lease contracts, residential commercial property purchase and sale contracts and contracts for the purchase and sale of commercial properties registered in advance shall be added to safeguard the rights and interests of contractual counterparts and promote the benign development of the bankruptcy proceedings.