孤独症谱系障碍儿童心理特征研究——基于PEP-3测验结果

Study on Psychological Characteristics of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders—Based on PEP-3 Test Results

摘要: 目的：探究孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童心理特征，分析其认知、言语、运动和行为等功能发展特征。方法：回顾性研究，收集西南康复医院2021~2025年发育行为科确诊ASD儿童，共233例。由具有评估资质的评估师运用中国香港协康会翻译修订而成的中文版儿童心理教育评估第三版(PEP-3)对ASD儿童开展评估，并生成评估报告。运用统计软件对评估结果进行统计分析。结果：ASD儿童各项能力发展年龄均显著落后于实际年龄，p_s < 0.001。各项能力间的落后程度存在显著差异，F (5, 228) = 55.42，p < 0.001，η² = 0.549。仅在问题行为维度的发展/适应程度得分上发现存在性别差异，女孩显著高于男孩，p < 0.05。结论：ASD儿童在各项能力上的发展上均在一定程度上落后于实际年龄，各项能力间的发展水平存在差异，性别并未显著影响能力发展。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the psychological characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and analyze their cognitive, verbal, motor and behavioral functional development characteristics. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to collect 233 children with ASD diagnosed in the developmental behavior Department of Southwest Rehabilitation Hospital from 2021 to 2025. The third edition of the Chinese version of the assessment of children’s Psychological Education (pep-3) translated and corrected by the Chinese Hong Kong Association of health professionals is used by qualified assessors to assess ASD children and generate an assessment report. Statistical software is used to analyze the evaluation results. Results: The age of ASD children’s ability development was significantly behind the actual age, p_s < 0.001. There are significant differences in the degree of backwardness among various abilities, F (5, 228) = 55.42, p < 0.001, η² = 0.549. Gender differences were found only in the development/adaptation scores of the problem behavior dimension, and girls were significantly higher than boys, p < 0.05. Conclusion: The development of ASD children’s abilities lags behind their actual age to a certain extent. There are differences in the development level of various abilities, and gender does not significantly affect the development of abilities.