持续腹腔冲洗用于直肠癌术后吻合口瘘合并腹腔感染的研究

Research on Continuous Abdominal Lavage for Anastomotic Leakage Complicated with Abdominal Infection after Rectal Cancer Surgery

摘要: 目的：探究持续腹腔冲洗治疗直肠癌术后吻合口瘘合并腹腔感染临床效果。方法：回顾性分析2022年1月至2025年11月期间，在青岛市市立医院结直肠外科接受直肠癌根治术(Dixon)后发生直肠吻合口瘘(B级)的10例患者的临床资料。其中5例患者采用双套管持续腹腔冲洗(实验组)，5例患者采用单纯腹腔负压引流(对照组)。比较两组患者的感染指标恢复正常时间、体温恢复正常时间、吻合口瘘愈合时间、患者术后住院时间、年龄、BMI (kg/m²)、白蛋白水平(g/L)。结果：10例患者均经保守治疗痊愈出院，无死亡患者，其中实验组较对照组吻合口瘘愈合时间、术后住院时间明显缩短，体温恢复正常时间及感染指标恢复正常时间明显缩短。结论：持续腹腔冲洗是治疗直肠癌术后发生吻合口瘘合并腹腔感染的有效措施。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of continuous abdominal lavage in the treatment of anastomotic leakage complicated with abdominal infection after rectal cancer surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 10 patients with grade B rectal anastomotic leakage who underwent radical resection of rectal cancer (Dixon procedure) in the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, from January 2022 to November 2025. Among them, 5 patients were treated with continuous abdominal lavage via double-cannula drainage (experimental group), and the other 5 patients received simple abdominal negative pressure drainage (control group). The two groups were compared in terms of the time to normalization of infection indicators, time to temperature recovery, anastomotic leakage healing time, postoperative hospital stay, age, body mass index (BMI, kg/m²) and serum albumin level (g/L). Results: All 10 patients were cured and discharged after conservative treatment, with no mortality. Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significantly shorter anastomotic leakage healing time, postoperative hospital stay, time to temperature recovery and time to normalization of infection indicators. Conclusion: Continuous abdominal lavage is an effective measure for the treatment of anastomotic leakage complicated with abdominal infection after rectal cancer surgery.