中医药治疗2型糖尿病的研究现状与展望

The Current Status and Prospects of Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

摘要: 2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种以胰岛素抵抗和相对胰岛素分泌不足为特征的慢性代谢性疾病，其发病率在全球范围内持续增高。现代医学治疗在控制血糖、延缓并发症方面取得了显著进展，但仍面临着药物副作用、个体疗效差异及对部分患者生活质量影响等问题。中医药在T2DM的防治中积累了丰富的经验，具有长期疗效高、副作用少的优势。本文旨在系统梳理近年来中医药治疗T2DM的研究现状，从病因病机认识、常用治法方药、作用机制探索及临床研究进展等方面进行综述，分析当前研究存在的问题与局限，并对未来研究方向进行展望，以期为中医药防治T2DM的深入研究与临床实践提供参考。

Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin secretion deficiency, with its incidence rate continuing to rise globally. Modern medical treatments have achieved significant progress in blood glucose control and complication prevention, yet still face challenges such as drug side effects, individual efficacy variations, and impacts on patients’ quality of life. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has accumulated extensive experience in the prevention and treatment of T2DM, offering advantages of high long-term efficacy and minimal side effects. This article systematically reviews recent research on TCM treatments for T2DM, summarizing progress in understanding etiology and pathogenesis, common therapeutic methods and prescriptions, mechanism exploration, and clinical research advancements. It analyzes existing issues and limitations in current studies and proposes future research directions, aiming to provide references for in-depth TCM research and clinical practice in T2DM prevention and treatment.