社区老年人群脑卒中认知水平评估与干预研究

Evaluation and Intervention Study on Cognitive Level of Stroke in Community Elderly Population

摘要: 目的：本文旨在调查社区老年人对脑卒中的认知现状，并探讨健康教育对老年人脑卒中相关知识的知晓作用，以提高老年人的健康意识和自我管理能力，促进脑卒中的预防和康复。方法：本研究以A社区120名老年居民为研究对象，通过问卷调查法评估其脑卒中认知现状及知识获取途径。调研内容涵盖个人基础信息和卒中认知水平两大维度。基于基线调查结果，制定并实施了多维度的健康教育方案，具体包括：组织专题讲座、开展视听教育(电视/广播)、进行医护健康教育等多元化宣教形式。结果：健康教育前老年人对脑卒中相关知识知晓率低于50%，健康教育后老年人对脑卒中相关知识知晓率大于80%，有显著的提高(有明显差异有统计学意义P < 0.05)。结论：研究表明，系统化的健康教育不仅能够增强老年人群对卒中防治的认知水平，更有助于促使其建立规范化的健康管理机制，具体实施路径包括：定期健康监测、生活方式优化、心理状态调适等。这种认知-行为转化效应对于降低卒中并发症发生率、提升老年群体生活质量具有重要实践价值。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to investigate the cognitive status of the elderly in the community about stroke, and explore the role of health education in the elderly’s knowledge about stroke, so as to improve their health awareness and self-management ability, and promote the prevention and rehabilitation of stroke. Methods: In this study, 120 elderly residents in A community were taken as the research object, and their cognitive status and knowledge acquisition ways were evaluated by questionnaire survey. The research content covers two dimensions: personal basic information and stroke cognition level. Based on the results of the baseline survey, a multi-dimensional health education program was formulated and implemented, including organizing special lectures, conducting audio-visual education (TV/radio), conducting medical health education and other diversified forms of propaganda and education. Results: Before health education, the awareness rate of stroke-related knowledge of the elderly was less than 50%, and after health education, the awareness rate of stroke-related knowledge of the elderly was more than 80%, which was significantly improved (significant difference was statistically significant, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The research shows that systematic health education can not only enhance the cognitive level of the elderly on stroke prevention and treatment, but also help them to establish a standardized health management mechanism. The specific implementation paths include: regular health monitoring, lifestyle optimization, psychological state adjustment and so on. This cognitive-behavioral transformation effect has important practical value for reducing the incidence of stroke complications and improving the quality of life of the elderly.