熟悉性和自我相关性对网名识别的影响

The Effects of Familiarity and Self-Relevance on the Visual Search of Screen Names

摘要: 采用视觉搜索范式，从熟悉性和自我相关性两个角度对自己网名存在加工优势的原因进行探讨。实验一以网名的使用频率分组，通过比较两组被试对自己网名和名人名字或对照网名的搜索成绩，来探究熟悉性和自我相关性对网名识别加工的影响模式。结果显示两组被试对自己网名的搜索成绩均显著高于其他刺激材料，高/低频组被试对自己网名的搜索成绩差异不显著。实验二、实验三采用被试内设计，分别以名人名字、对照网名和自己高、低频网名为材料，进一步探究了熟悉性在自己网名搜索中的作用。结果发现，被试搜索名人名字的成绩显著高于对照网名，但对自己使用频率不同的网名的搜索成绩无显著差异。以上研究表明自我相关性是自己网名存在加工优势重要原因，熟悉性只对视觉搜索本身有作用，而对网名识别任务没有实质影响。

Abstract: The present study used a series of visual search experiments to explore the reason of the cognitive priority of screen names and mainly focused on the possible effects of the familiarity and self-relevance. In experiment 1, the participants were divided into two groups (high-frequency vs. low-frequency) according to the usage frequency of their own screen names. The results showed that the performances for own screen-name in both groups were significantly better than any other materials, while no significant difference was found between the high-frequency and low-fre- quency group. Experiment 2 and 3 were one-way within-subjects design. Experiment 2 aimed to explore the effect of familiarity on the visual search task by comparing the performance of famous names and that of general screen names. Experiment 3 explored the effect of familiarity on the screen name recognition by directly comparing the visual search performance between the two different usage frequency screen names. Results showed that famous names were detected more accurately and quickly than general screen names, while there were no significant differences between the two screen names. In conclusion, the present research confirmed the cognitive priority of self-related screen names, and found the vital role of self-relevance on the visual search of screen names. Moreover it also suggested that the familiarity might not be the key factor for the processing priority although it had an effect on the visual search.