先天性肺畸形术前和术后肺功能的研究进展

Recent Advances in Pulmonary Function for Congenital Lung Malformations: Preoperative and Postoperative Considerations

摘要: 先天性肺畸形(CLMs)是一种少见的先天性肺发育异常。目前，CLMs手术治疗的主要方式包括肺叶切除、肺段切除或不规则切除等。CLMs患儿术前可能因肺部本身疾病原因影响肺功能，而手术切除病变后也可能因为肺体积的减少影响肺功能，术前和术后肺功能异常可能影响患儿运动耐量和生活质量。因此，对于先天性肺畸形患儿术前肺功能损害程度的评价、不同手术时间和手术方式术后肺功能的变化，以及肺功能如何代偿，成为当前对CLMs研究的重点和热点。本文对CLMs术前和术后肺功能相关文献及研究进展进行综述，期望从肺功能这个维度为CLMs患儿治疗与预后提供思路。

Abstract: Congenital lung malformations (CLMs) are infrequent anomalies in the developmental process of the lung. Currently, surgeons primarily adopt approaches such as lung lobectomy, segmentectomy, or atypical resection to manage CLMs. Before surgery, children afflicted with CLMs might experience compromised lung function due to the inherent pulmonary conditions, and post-surgical lung volume reduction may also engender changes in pulmonary function. These pre- and postoperative deviations in lung function could further influence the exercise tolerance and quality of life of these children. As such, evaluating the extent of lung function impairment preoperatively, understanding the impact of various surgical timings and modalities on lung function, and scrutinizing the compensatory mechanisms of lung function have become focal points and areas of active inquiry in CLM research. This review synthesizes literature and research advancements regarding lung function before and after surgery for CLMs, aiming to offer insights into treatment and prognosis for these children from the standpoint of pulmonary function.