便秘型肠易激综合征中医外治法的研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Traditional Chinese Medicine External Therapy

摘要: 便秘型肠易激综合征(IBS-C)是临床上一种常见的多发的功能性的肠道疾病，西医检查常无明显的器质性病变。患者表现为反复的腹部疼痛，腹胀，伴有排便困难、大便干结以及排便次数的改变等相关症状，不仅给患者带来身心的双重困扰，同时也给其家庭带来了严重的经济负担。近年来大量的关于中医外治法例如针刺、艾灸、穴位埋线以及推拿等方法治疗IBS-C的研究表明其对IBS-C具有独特优势，但同时也存在一定的问题，例如临床数据较少、中医诊断的分型、疗效判定尚无统一的标准，应更加注重对于作用机制的阐述。作者研读并整理2020年至今的相关文献，对针刺、艾灸、推拿、穴位贴敷、埋线、耳穴、脐部疗法以及其他中医适宜技术特色外治法治疗IBS-C的研究进展进行综述，旨在为治疗IBS-C提供有效的临床依据。

Abstract: Constipation-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-C) is a common and frequently occurring functional gastrointestinal disorder, in which Western medical examinations often reveal no significant organic pathology. Patients typically experience recurrent abdominal pain and bloating, along with symptoms such as difficulty in defecation, hard stools, and changes in bowel movement frequency. These symptoms not only cause physical and psychological distress to the patients but also impose a significant economic burden on their families. In recent years, a large number of studies on external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as acupuncture, moxibustion, acupoint embedding, and massage, have demonstrated their unique advantages in treating constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). However, there are also some issues, such as limited clinical data, lack of unified standards for TCM diagnostic classification and efficacy evaluation. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on elucidating their mechanisms of action. The author has reviewed the relevant literature and summarized the research progress of treating IBS-C with TCM external therapies from 2020 to the present, including acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, acupoint application, embedding, auricular therapy, umbilical therapy, and other characteristic techniques. This review aims to provide effective clinical evidence for the treatment of IBS-C.