腹腔镜直肠癌根治术神经功能保护的现状 与挑战

Neurofunctional Protection in Laparoscopic Radical Resection of Rectal Cancer: Status and Challenges

摘要: 直肠癌是全球范围内常见的消化道恶性肿瘤之一，其高发病率和致死率，不仅给患者带来了巨大的痛苦，也对社会造成了沉重的负担。随着医疗技术的不断进步，腹腔镜直肠癌根治术已成为一种广泛应用的治疗方法。尽管该手术在技术和治疗效果上具有诸多优势，但仍面临一些挑战，特别是在术中如何精确识别和保护盆腔神经功能，以减少术后排尿和性功能障碍的发生率，进而提高患者的生活质量。因此，神经保护技术在腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中仍是一个重要的研究领域。本文主要从腹腔镜直肠癌根治术在神经功能保护领域进行综述。

Abstract: Rectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive tract worldwide. Its high incidence and mortality rate not only cause great suffering to patients but also impose a heavy burden on society. With the continuous advancement of medical technology, laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer has become a widely used treatment method. Although this surgery has many advantages in terms of technology and therapeutic effect, it still faces some challenges, especially in how to precisely identify and protect pelvic autonomic nerve function during the operation to reduce the incidence of postoperative urinary and sexual dysfunction and thereby improve the quality of life of patients. Therefore, nerve protection techniques in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer remain an important research field. This article mainly reviews the field of nerve function protection in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer.