COPD相关的细胞因子及生物制剂的研究进展

Research Progress on Cytokines and Biologics Related to COPD

摘要: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种常见的、可预防、可治疗的慢性气道疾病，发生机制与呼吸道及全身的炎症反应密切相关。许多炎症介质在COPD的发生发展中起着关键作用，细胞因子就是一种重要的炎症因子，其在细胞间传递信号，参与调节机体多种生理和病理过程。根据参与炎症的免疫细胞及细胞因子不同，可将COPD分为：中性粒细胞优势型COPD、嗜酸性粒细胞优势型COPD，也称为T2炎症型、混合炎症型、少粒细胞型。本综述仅聚焦于两种最主要的炎症亚型，系统地阐述了中性粒细胞优势型和嗜酸性粒细胞优势型中参与炎症反应的主要细胞因子的类型及其作用，分析两种类型COPD形成的炎症机制及生物制剂治疗的最新研究，为更好地评估患者的病情及预后提供思路，指导选择治疗方案，便于患者的长期管理。

Abstract: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable chronic airway disease, whose pathogenesis is closely related to inflammatory responses in the respiratory tract and throughout the body. Many inflammatory mediators play a key role in the occurrence and development of COPD. Cytokines are an important type of inflammatory factor that transmit signals between cells and participate in regulating various physiological and pathological processes in the body. According to the different immune cells and cytokines involved in inflammation, COPD can be classified into neutrophil-predominant COPD, eosinophil-predominant COPD (also known as T2 inflammation type), mixed inflammation type, and paucigranulocytic type. This review systematically explores the types and functions of the main cytokines involved in the inflammatory response in the two predominant subtypes, analyzes the inflammatory mechanisms and the latest research on biologic therapy for different types of COPD, providing ideas for better assessment of patients’ conditions and prognosis, guiding the selection of treatment plans, and facilitating long-term management of patients.