以Sweet综合征起病的急性髓系白血病伴DEK::CAN融合基因阳性报道并文献复习

A Case Report of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with DEK::CAN Fusion Gene Positivity Presenting as Sweet Syndrome and Review of the Literature

摘要: 目的：提高对血液病患者并发Sweet综合征的认识，及时正确的诊断，以降低误诊、漏诊率。方法：回顾性分析我院血液科就诊的以Sweet综合征起病的急性髓系白血病患者的临床资料，并进行相关文献复习。结果：患者，女，18岁，以Sweet综合征为首要临床表现，后通过骨髓形态、流式细胞术、基因、染色体等MICM综合诊断，最终确诊为伴融合基因DEK::CAN阳性的急性髓系白血病。结论：Sweet综合征是一种皮肤病，多继发于其他疾病，尤其是血液系统疾病，提高对血液系统疾病伴Sweet的认识，有利于临床及早地发现血液病患者，并对其尽早干预，以改善患者的预后，提高患者的生存质量。

Abstract: Objective: To enhance the recognition of Sweet syndrome in patients with hematological diseases, achieve timely and accurate diagnosis, and reduce the misdiagnosis rate. Methods: The clinical data of a patient with acute myeloid leukemia presenting initially with Sweet syndrome, treated at the Hematology Department of our hospital, were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results: The patient, an 18-year-old female, initially presented with Sweet syndrome as the primary clinical manifestation. Subsequent comprehensive diagnosis using MICM (morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, and molecular biology) methods, including bone marrow morphology, flow cytometry, genetic testing, and chromosomal analysis, ultimately led to the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with the fusion gene DEK::CAN positivity. Conclusion: Sweet syndrome is a dermatological condition that often secondary to other diseases, particularly hematological disorders. Enhancing awareness of Sweet syndrome associated with hematological diseases facilitates early detection of hematological patients in clinical practice, enables earlier intervention, and contributes to improving patient prognosis and quality of life.