重庆市秀山县水稻病虫害防控成效植保贡献率评价试验及成效

Evaluation of the Contribution Rate of Pest Management to the Control of Rice Diseases and Pests in Xiushan County, Chongqing and its Achievements

摘要: 为了客观评价植保工作在农业生产中的贡献，2023~2025年，重庆市秀山县连续开展水稻病虫害防控成效植保贡献率评价试验。试验采取田间大区试验，设置严格防治区、统防统治区、农户自防区、完全不防治病虫害区和完全不防治病虫草害区共5个处理。其中，完全不防治病虫害区、完全不防治病虫草害区面积均为1亩，不设重复；严格防治区、统防统治区面积和农户自防区，面积均为2亩，重复3次。为减少误差，3年试验均设置于秀山县惠农农机专业合作社集中流转的稻田内，土壤肥力水平和管理水平基本一致。试验结果表明：2023~2025年，秀山县水稻县域植保贡献率平均为36.3%，累计挽回稻谷损失14万吨以上，产值4.2亿元以上。试验数据表明，水稻病虫草害防控成效十分显著。本文总结了3年试验结果，分析存在的问题，并提出建议与意见。

Abstract: In order to objectively evaluate the contribution of pest control work in agricultural production, from 2023 to 2025, the evaluation experiment of the contribution rate of pest management to the control of rice and pests in Xiumen County, Chongqing has been carried out continuously. The experiment adopted the field large area trial, setting up five treatments: strict prevention and control, unified prevention and control area, farmer’s self-prevention area, completely no prevention and control of diseases and pests area, and completely no prevention and control of diseases and weeds area. Among them, the area of completely no prevention and control of diseases and pests area and completely no prevention and control of diseases and pests and weeds area was 1 each, without repetition; the area of strict prevention and control area, unified prevention and control area and farmer’s self-prevention area was 2 mu each, repeated three. In order to reduce errors, the 3-year experiment was all set up in the paddy fields leased by Xiumen County Huinong Agricultural Machinery Professionalative, with basically the same soil fertility level and management level. The results of the experiment showed that from 2023 to 2025, the average contribution of rice county pest management in Xiumen County was 36.3%, and the total loss of rice was prevented and recovered by more than 14,000 tons, with an output value of more than 420 million yuan. The experimental data showed that the control effect of rice diseases and pests was very significant. article summarizes the results of the 3-year experiment, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward suggestions and opinions.