E3泛素连接酶RNF25在肿瘤发生发展中的研究进展

Research Progress of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF25 in Tumorigenesis and Development

摘要: 环指蛋白25 (RING Finger Protein 25, RNF25)是E3泛素连接酶家族中的重要成员，其功能依赖于特征性的RING结构域。该蛋白能够通过泛素化修饰特定靶蛋白或直接参与信号转导，在细胞凋亡、增殖与迁移等关键生命活动中发挥核心调控作用。近年来研究发现，RNF25在肾细胞癌、非小细胞肺癌、肝细胞癌等多种恶性肿瘤中表达异常，并可通过激活NF-κB、Wnt等重要信号通路或介导底物蛋白降解，参与肿瘤的发生发展、转移及耐药等恶性进程。本文系统梳理RNF25的分子结构及其生物学功能，重点总结其在不同类型肿瘤中的表达模式、调控机制与病理作用，评估其作为肿瘤生物标志物和潜在治疗靶点的临床应用前景，同时指出现有研究的局限性并展望未来研究方向，以期为深入解析肿瘤机制及开发新型诊疗策略提供理论依据。

Abstract: RING finger protein 25 (RNF25) is a key member of the E3 ubiquitin ligase family, whose function is dependent on its characteristic RING domain. This protein can exert core regulatory effects on critical cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, and migration, either by ubiquitinating specific target proteins or directly participating in signal transduction. In recent years, studies have found that RNF25 is abnormally expressed in various malignant tumors such as renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It can participate in the malignant progression of tumors, including tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance, by activating key signaling pathways like NF-κB and Wnt or mediating the degradation of substrate proteins. This paper systematically summarizes the molecular structure and biological functions of RNF25, focuses on its expression patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and pathological roles in different types of tumors, and evaluates its clinical application prospects as a tumor biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Meanwhile, this paper points out the limitations of existing research and prospects future research directions, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for in-depth analysis of tumor mechanisms and development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.