论污染环境罪的罪过形式

On the Subjective Fault Form of the Crime of Environmental Pollution

摘要: 污染环境罪的罪过形式学说主要有过失说、故意说、双重罪过说、择一罪过说等。但其中“包含过失”的罪过学说违反罪刑法定原则，也缺乏伦理依据。故意说遵循罪刑法定原则，恪守刑法谦抑主义，符合生态学人类中心主义的环境犯罪法益观念。在已经采取生态学的人类中心的法益论，提前介入打击环境犯罪的基础上，刑法不应继续降低污染环境罪的罪过条件，应该恪守刑法谦抑主义，提倡污染环境罪故意说。

Abstract: The doctrines regarding the subjective fault form of the crime of environmental pollution mainly include the negligence doctrine, intent doctrine, dual-fault doctrine, and alternative-fault doctrine. However, among these, the doctrines that “incorporate negligence” violate the principle of legality of crime and punishment, and also lack ethical basis. The intent doctrine complies with the principle of legality of crime and punishment, abides by the criminal modesty principle, and conforms to the concept of environmental crime legal interests based on ecological anthropocentrism. On the basis of adopting the ecological anthropocentric theory of legal interests and intervening in advance to combat environmental crimes, criminal law should not further lower the fault requirements for the crime of environmental pollution, but should adhere to the criminal modesty principle and advocate the intent doctrine for the crime of environmental pollution.