基于工程实践能力培养的机械基础课程群实践课程的构建与实践

Construction and Practice of Practical Courses in the Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals Course Cluster Based on the Cultivation of Engineering Practical Abilities

摘要: 本文聚焦新疆工程学院机械基础课程群实践课程，针对当前存在的集中安排、理论与实践脱节、题目陈旧、考核传统等问题，通过重构实践课程体系，以综合性项目为载体串联课程、多渠道更新课程设计题目、搭建“教–学–做一体化平台”、整合教学资源，开展第二课堂、拓展课外知识、建立多层次校企合作机制，强化实践育人、实施多维考核与“申优”机制，科学评价学生等措施进行构建与实践。经过实践，学生工程实践和创新能力显著提升，“双师双能”型教师比例增加，成果得到社会认可，但仍需进一步完善实践课程体系、提升教师能力和加强学生指导。

Abstract: This paper focuses on the practical courses of the mechanical engineering fundamentals course cluster at Xinjiang Institute of Engineering. Addressing current issues such as concentrated scheduling, disconnect between theory and practice, outdated topics, and traditional assessment methods, the paper proposes a construction and practice approach. This approach involves restructuring the practical course system, using comprehensive projects to connect courses, updating course design topics through multiple channels, building an integrated “teaching-learning-doing” platform, integrating teaching resources, developing extracurricular activities, expanding extracurricular knowledge, establishing a multi-level school-enterprise cooperation mechanism, strengthening practical education, implementing multi-dimensional assessment and “excellence application” mechanisms, and scientifically evaluating students. Through practice, students’ engineering practical and innovative abilities have significantly improved, the proportion of “dual-qualified” teachers has increased, and the results have been recognized by society. However, further improvements are needed in the practical course system, teacher capabilities, and student guidance.