焦虑抑郁情绪对社区分级高血压人群血压影响的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of the Influence of Anxiety and Depression on Blood Pressure in a Community-Based Population with Graded Hypertension

摘要: 目的：探究社区高血压人群不同分级血压与焦虑抑郁情绪相关性。方法：选择2024年9月~2025年1月收集在三级医院确诊在社区医院随访的200例高血压患者作为研究对象，分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评估患者抑郁状态，汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评估患者焦虑状态。应用单因素卡方分析、秩和检验、H检验分析方法，分析焦虑抑郁情绪与不同分级高血压的相关性。结果：与情绪正常的高血压患者相比，有焦虑、抑郁情绪的高血压患者血压值升高，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，在有焦虑、抑郁情绪患者的高血压组中，焦虑、抑郁情绪评分越高，患者高血压分级越高，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：抑郁焦虑情绪与血压控制密切相关，因此高血压患者将心理健康纳入日常健康管理，尽早改善患者心理状况可有效改善患者血压，实现心身健康的综合防治。

Abstract: Objective: Exploring the correlation between different grades of blood pressure and anxiety-depression mood in a community hypertensive population. Methods: A total of 200 hypertensive patients who were diagnosed in tertiary hospitals and followed up in community hospitals from September 2024 to January 2025 were selected as the study subjects. Their depression and anxiety status were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), respectively. Univariate chi-square analysis, rank-sum test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test were applied to analyze the correlation between anxiety or depression and different grades of hypertension. Results: Compared to hypertensive patients with normal mood, hypertensive patients with anxiety and depression exhibited significantly elevated blood pressure values, with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05). Within the hypertensive group of patients with anxiety and depression, higher anxiety and depression scores were associated with higher grades of hypertension, showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are closely associated with blood pressure control. Therefore, integrating mental health into routine health management for hypertensive patients, along with early intervention to improve psychological status, can effectively help regulate blood pressure and achieve a comprehensive approach to psychosomatic health.