心脏外科用免缝合人工血管的研究与设计

Research and Design of Sutureless Artificial Blood Vessels for Cardiac Surgery

摘要: 近几年A型主动脉夹层手术增多，这种手术传统方法风险、难度非常大且最痛苦的一个地方就是做血管吻合，因为主动脉夹层撕裂的血管缝合以后出血概率高，且手术时间长，止血时间长，术后容易出现多种并发症。基于该背景，我们研究了一种免缝合的人工血管来代替传统缝合血管。该项目由膨体聚四氟乙烯人工血管、置于内壁的支撑环及位于人造血管本体两端的包扎器组成，通过内衬环结构、手术线缠绕捆绑在包扎薄膜与内螺纹槽对应的方式，实现快速、稳定的血管吻合。该项目已完成初步理论建模、3D设计并成功申报专利。本文阐述了该技术的设计理念、结构特点、技术路线与研究进展，探讨其在主动脉夹层手术中的应用潜力。

Abstract: In recent years, the number of surgeries for type A aortic dissection has increased. The traditional approach to this surgery is highly risky and challenging, with the most difficult aspect being vascular anastomosis. This is because suturing the torn vessels in aortic dissection carries a high risk of bleeding, requires prolonged surgical time, and involves extended hemostasis, often leading to multiple postoperative complications. Against this backdrop, we developed a sutureless artificial vessel to replace traditional sutured vessels. This project comprises an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft, an internal support ring, and end-sealing devices at both ends of the graft body. Rapid and stable vascular anastomosis is achieved through an inner lining ring structure and surgical suture wrapping that binds the sealing film to corresponding internal thread grooves. Preliminary theoretical modeling and 3D design have been completed, and a patent application has been successfully filed. This paper outlines the design philosophy, structural features, technical approach, and research progress of this technology, exploring its potential application in aortic dissection surgery.