乡镇小学教育惩戒的规范实施机制与操作流程设计

The Design of the Normative Implementation Mechanism and Operating Procedures for Educational Discipline in Rural Primary Schools

摘要: 为破解乡镇小学教育惩戒中教师“不敢用、不会用”的核心困境，应对师资薄弱、家校认知分歧等现实问题，本研究立足乡镇教育生态，构建了以“育人为本”为核心理念、遵循六大实施原则的教育惩戒规范实施体系。体系核心为“三维四步”操作框架，通过“定标准、明流程、供工具、强保障”的闭环设计，实现了从违规分级、流程规范、工具支撑到机制保障的惩戒全链条规范化。该体系兼具理论创新性与实践操作性，既填补了现有对策碎片化、空泛化的不足，为教师提供可落地的行动指南，又通过家校协同、心理疏导等机制，推动教育惩戒回归立德树人本质，为构建健康有序的乡镇小学教育生态提供参考。

Abstract: To address the core predicament of teachers’ “dare not use, do not know how to use” in educational discipline in rural primary schools and to tackle the practical issues such as weak teaching staff and cognitive differences between schools and families, this study, based on the educational ecosystem of rural areas, has constructed an educational discipline implementation system with the core concept of “student-oriented” and following six implementation principles. The core of the system is a “three-dimensional four-step” operational framework, which, through a closed-loop design of “setting standards, clarifying processes, providing tools, and strengthening guarantees”, has achieved the full-chain standardization of discipline from violation classification, process standardization, tool support to mechanism guarantee. This system is both theoretically innovative and practically operational. It not only fills the gap of fragmented and vague existing countermeasures, providing teachers with actionable guidelines, but also promotes the return of educational discipline to its essence of moral education through mechanisms such as home-school collaboration and psychological counseling, providing a reference for building a healthy and orderly educational ecosystem in rural primary schools.