适老化视角下老年人对数字鸿沟的法律规制研究

Research on the Legal Regulation of the Digital Divide among the Elderly from the Perspective of Aging Adaptation

摘要: 数字时代的深度发展催生了老年人群体的数字鸿沟，其已从技术接入差异演变为权利实现的结构性障碍，对老年人平等参与社会生活、享有公共服务的权益造成显著冲击。适老化改造作为弥合该鸿沟的核心路径，亟需法律规制的刚性支撑。本文以社会权理论、实质平等理论和国家保障责任理论为依托，通过梳理我国老年人数字权益保障的现行法律规范与政策文本，剖析当前规制体系存在的立法碎片化、责任主体模糊、救济途径不畅等核心问题，结合国内外相关实践经验，从立法完善、执法强化、司法保障及配套机制构建四个维度，探索适老化视角下老年人数字鸿沟的法律规制路径。研究旨在为完善老年人权益保障法律体系提供理论参考，助力摆脱数字时代老年人的权益困境，实现代际公平与社会包容发展。

Abstract: The in-depth development of the digital age has given rise to the digital divide among the elderly population. It has evolved from differences in technical access to a structural obstacle to the realization of rights, significantly impacting the rights and interests of the elderly in equally participating in social life and enjoying public services. As a core path to bridge this divide, aging adaptation reforms urgently require the rigid support of legal regulations. Based on the theories of social rights, substantive equality, and the state’s guarantee responsibility, this paper sorts out the current legal norms and policy texts for protecting the digital rights and interests of the elderly in China, analyzes the core issues existing in the current regulatory system, such as fragmented legislation, ambiguous responsible subjects, and poor relief channels. Combining relevant practical experiences at home and abroad, it explores the legal regulation path of the digital divide among the elderly from the perspective of aging adaptation from four dimensions: improvement of legislation, strengthening of law enforcement, judicial protection, and construction of supporting mechanisms. The research aims to provide a theoretical reference for improving the legal system for protecting the rights and interests of the elderly, help solve the rights and interests dilemma of the elderly in the digital age, and realize intergenerational equity and socially inclusive development.