数字时代青少年媒介素养的培养路径研究

A Study on the Cultivation Paths of Adolescent Media Literacy in the Digital Age

摘要: 在数字技术飞速迭代的当下，媒介已深度融入青少年的学习生活，成为其认知世界、社交互动的重要载体。然而，碎片化的媒介信息、多元的传播形态也给青少年带来了信息甄别困难、价值判断偏差、网络沉迷等诸多挑战，媒介素养的重要性愈发凸显。本文基于数字时代媒介传播的特征与青少年的认知发展规律，界定青少年媒介素养的核心内涵，结合江苏扬州、盐城两地5所中小学的问卷调查(有效问卷1086份)与深度访谈(100人)一手数据，剖析当前我国青少年媒介素养培养的现状与困境，探究困境形成的深层原因，引入平台社会理论、算法素养研究等前沿视角，针对生成式人工智能(AIGC)带来的新挑战补充素养培养内容，从家庭、学校、社会、媒介平台四方协同的视角，为不同年龄阶段、不同社会经济背景的青少年提出差异化培养路径，包括具体课程大纲、评价指标草案及典型案例剖析，为提升青少年媒介素养、引导青少年健康合理使用媒介提供理论参考与实践借鉴。

Abstract: In the context of the rapid iteration of digital technology, media has been deeply integrated into adolescents’ study and life, becoming an important carrier for them to understand the world and interact socially. However, fragmented media information and diverse communication forms have also brought many challenges to adolescents, such as difficulties in information screening, deviations in value judgment, and internet addiction, making media literacy increasingly important. Based on the characteristics of media communication in the digital age and the cognitive development laws of adolescents, this paper defines the core connotation of adolescent media literacy, analyzes the current situation and dilemmas of adolescent media literacy training in China with first-hand data from questionnaires (1086 valid ones) and in-depth interviews (100 participants) in 5 primary and secondary schools in Yangzhou and Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. It explores the in-depth reasons for the formation of the dilemmas, introduces cutting-edge perspectives such as platform society theory and algorithm literacy research, supplements literacy training content in response to new challenges brought by Generative Artificial Intelligence (AIGC), and proposes differentiated training paths for adolescents of different age groups and social-economic backgrounds from the perspective of the coordinated cooperation of families, schools, society, and media platforms, including specific curriculum outlines, draft evaluation indicators and typical case analysis. It aims to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for improving adolescents’ media literacy and guiding them to use media healthily and rationally.