聚多巴胺与光子晶体复合的功能性涂层

Functional Coatings Based on Polydopamine-Polystyrene Photonic Crystal Composites

摘要: 随着城镇化进程的不断推进，建筑涂层的功能需求已由单一装饰属性向多功能化方向发展，对其耐候性能、环境稳定性及长期服役能力提出了更高要求。光子晶体依托其有序的微纳结构可产生稳定的结构色，无需引入传统颜料即可实现多样化的色彩表现，因而在建筑美学与功能涂层领域受到广泛关注。然而，光子晶体在实际应用中仍面临结构完整性不足、界面结合力较弱等问题，尤其在复杂环境作用下易发生结构破坏或脱落，限制了其在涂层体系中的推广应用。相关研究表明，聚多巴胺作为一种仿生高分子材料，具有优异的表面黏附能力和化学稳定性，可在多种基底上形成稳定的功能化涂覆层，从而有效改善复合体系的界面性能。基于此，本文通过引入聚多巴胺作为界面增强与功能调控组分，构建聚多巴胺–聚苯乙烯光子晶体复合涂层体系，以期提升光子晶体涂层的结构稳定性、光学性能及服役耐久性。

Abstract: With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the functional demands of architectural coatings have evolved from a single decorative attribute to a multi-functional direction, putting forward higher requirements for their weather resistance, environmental stability and long-term service capacity. Photonic crystals, relying on their ordered micro-nano structures, can produce stable structural colors and achieve diverse color expressions without the introduction of traditional pigments. Therefore, they have received extensive attention in the fields of architectural aesthetics and functional coatings. However, photonic crystals still face problems such as insufficient structural integrity and weak interfacial bonding force in practical applications. Especially under the influence of complex environments, they are prone to structural damage or detachment, which limits their promotion and application in coating systems. Relevant studies have shown that polydopamine, as a biomimetic polymer material, has excellent surface adhesion and chemical stability, and can form stable functionalized coating layers on various substrates, thereby effectively improving the interfacial performance of composite systems. Based on this, this paper introduces polydopamine as the interface enhancement and functional regulation component to construct a polydopamine-polystyrene photonic crystal composite coating system, with the aim of improving the structural stability, optical performance and service durability of the photonic crystal coating.