烟草专用肥基追比例对烤烟化学成分影响

The Effect of the Ratio of Tobacco-Specific Fertilizer Base to Top Dressing on the Chemical Composition of Flue-Cured Tobacco

摘要: 为了筛选出四川省泸州市古蔺县大寨乡烟区烟草专用肥最佳基施和追施比例，本试验以云烟87品种为研究对象，通过调整烟草专用肥基施和追施比例(100%、90%、80%、70%)，探究其对烟叶化学成分影响，明确最佳基追比例。结果表明，随着烟草专用肥基追比例减少，烤烟中的烟碱、总氮、钾离子呈先减少后增加再减少的趋势，还原糖、总糖和淀粉呈先增加后减少的趋势；T1处理烟叶氨基酸和有机酸成分含量最高；且T3处理多酚类和中性致香物质成分含量最高。使用隶属函数进行综合分析，得出T3处理综合评价得分最高。

Abstract: To determine the optimal basal and topdressing ratios of tobacco-specific fertilizer in the tobacco-growing area of Dazhai Township, Gulin County, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, this experiment used the Yunyan 87 variety as the research object. By adjusting the basal and topdressing ratios of tobacco-specific fertilizer (100%, 90%, 80%, and 70%), the effects on the chemical composition of tobacco leaves were investigated, and the optimal ratio was identified. The results showed that as the basal and topdressing ratios of tobacco-specific fertilizer decreased, the levels of nicotine, total nitrogen, and potassium ions in flue-cured tobacco exhibited a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing again; while reducing sugars, total sugars, and starch showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Treatment T1 had the highest content of amino acids and organic acids in the tobacco leaves; and treatment T3 had the highest content of polyphenols and neutral aroma compounds. Comprehensive analysis using membership functions revealed that treatment T3 had the highest overall evaluation score.