社交媒体平台异质性对青年“断亲”现象的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Heterogeneity of Social Media Platforms on the “Family Estrangement” Phenomenon among Youth

摘要: 本研究针对当前社会青年群体被热议的“断亲”现象，提出探究网络视域下的社交媒体平台异质性对青年断亲现象是否也产生影响的观点？并以微信、小红书、抖音三类社交媒体平台为例，从三个假设入手探讨其对青年“断亲”现象的影响及其作用机制。采用问卷调查和统计学方法，面向15~34岁青年群体收集504份有效数据，并运用SPSS Pro进行信效度检验、线性回归与中介效应分析。结果发现，微信通过“血缘功能替代”显著降低青少年“断亲”程度；小红书的使用对“断亲”无显著影响；抖音虽存在“社交时间吞噬”路径，但数据显示其可能促进亲子共处，与“断亲”程度呈负相关。总体而言，社交媒体平台并未直接加剧“断亲”，其影响主要通过差异化的中介机制实现，更多体现为对亲缘关系的代偿与维系功能。虽然研究数据尚有一定局限性，但总的研究结果表明，合理借助不同社交媒体平台的异质性，不但不会使亲缘关系疏离，反而可以促进其关系的管理与重构。社交媒体平台未来发展，可聚焦更多适应数字时代的新型家庭“共在”话题与“共创”形式，这将对亲缘关系双方的交往观念与交往模式产生更深刻影响。

Abstract: This study focuses on the “family estrangement” phenomenon that has been widely discussed among the current young population, and proposes a viewpoint that the heterogeneity of social media platforms in the online context also has an impact on the “family estrangement” phenomenon among young people. Taking three types of social media platforms - WeChat, Xiaohongshu, and Douyin - as examples, the study explores the influence and mechanism of these platforms on the “family estrangement” phenomenon among young people based on three hypotheses. Using questionnaire surveys and statistical methods, 504 valid data were collected from the 15~34 age group. SPSS Pro was used for reliability and validity tests, linear regression, and mediation effect analysis. The results show that WeChat significantly reduces the degree of “family estrangement” “bloodline function substitution”; the use of Xiaohongshu has no significant impact on “family estrangement”; although Douyin has a “social time consumption” path, the data shows that it may promote parent-child coexistence and is negatively correlated with the degree of “family estrangement”. Overall, social media platforms do not directly exacerbate “family estrangement”; their influence is mainly achieved through differentiated mediating mechanisms, mainly reflecting the compensation and maintenance functions of kinship. Although the research data have certain limitations, the overall research results indicate that reasonably leveraging the heterogeneity of different social media platforms will not cause the estrangement of kinship relationships, but can promote their management and reconstruction. The future development of social media platforms can focus on more new topics and forms of “co-presence” and “co-creation” that are adapted to the digital age, which will have a more profound impact on the interaction concepts and patterns of both parties in kinship relationships.