数字化视角下我国科技创新效率研究——基于三阶段DEA模型

Efficiency of Technological Innovation in China from a Digital Perspective—Based on Three-Stage DEA Model

摘要: 中国的数字化转型对实现“高质量”发展至关重要。技术创新能够催生新兴产业、新型模式和经济增长点，从而推动中国数字化进程。因此，提升中国科技创新效率至关重要。伴随以数据驱动平台和软件解决方案为特征的数字化进程，数字资本在评估区域科技创新中发挥关键作用。本研究采用三阶段DEA (Three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis)方法，将数字资本纳入对中国31个省(直辖市、自治区) 2022年创新效率的评估体系。研究发现，规模优化是中国各省(直辖市、自治区)提升创新效率的首要内部因素。环境因素、管理效率及随机干扰同样影响创新效率，可能导致调整前的评估结果被高估。总体而言，这些因素凸显了中国多数省(直辖市、自治区)数字基础设施的稳健性，为数字资本积累奠定坚实基础，进而提升科技创新效率。

Abstract: China’s digital transformation is pivotal for achieving “high-quality” development. Technological innovation can catalyze the emergence of new industries, models, and economic drivers, thus to propel China’s digital evolution. Therefore, improving the efficiency of China’s technological innovation is of utmost importance. Aligned with digital progress, characterized by data-driven platforms and software solutions, digital capital plays a crucial role in assessing regional innovation in science and technology. This study integrates digital capital into the evaluation of innovation efficiency in 31 Chinese provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) in 2022 using a three-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The findings argue that scale optimization is the primary internal factor for enhancing innovation efficiency in Chinese provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions). Environmental factors, management inefficiency, and random disturbances also influence innovation efficiency, potentially leading to over-estimations before adjustments. Overall, these factors under-score the robust digital infrastructure in most Chinese provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions), providing a solid foundation for digital capital and enhancing technological innovation efficiency.