城市森林公园初冬CO₂和温湿度的景观位置差异

Variation of Near-Ground CO₂, Relative Humidity and Temperature among Micro-Landscapes of Large Urban Forest Park in Northern China

摘要: 城市森林公园是城市休憩功能的主要承载功能单元，它们的环境质量对城市宜居具有重要的作用。公园中不同的景观环境条件的高度差别是游憩活动中适宜景观位置选择和公园环境质量管理的重要基础。以北京市最大的城市绿地奥林匹克森林公园为研究场所，对初冬无风良好天气条件下近地表空气中二氧化碳、温度和湿度在不同景观位置间的差异开展观测研究。结果显示，初冬公园近地面空气二氧化碳浓度、温度和湿度呈明显的景观位置差异，低处湿地和人工草坪是二氧化碳浓度较高的区域，山坡则是湿度较低温度较好的景观位置。二氧化碳浓度、温度、湿度三者间的相关关系在各景观位置间也表现出不同的线性相关关系。这些结果可为初冬游憩活动中景观位置的选择提供一个参考。

Abstract: Urban forest parks are critical recreation areas in megacities. Environmental quality plays a crucial role in enhancing the livability of a city. Air quality of micro-landscapes is fundamental for site choice in recreation and for environmental management in urban parks. This study selected Olympic Forest Park in Beijing to conduct an observation on three key near-ground air quality traits, i.e., concentration of CO₂, humidity and temperature. The variation of them among micro-landscapes was explored on a sunny winter day without wind. The results illustrated an apparent variation of concentration of CO₂, humidity and temperature among hills, wetlands and nursed lawn in the park. The highest CO₂ concentration occurred in the nursed lawn, and the lowest appeared on hill. Hill had low humidity but high temperature. The relationship among the three traits also differed among the three micro-landscapes. These results may play a role in the proper choice of micro-landscape in winter for recreation in the forest park.