数字拟像与记忆操控：技术“复活”电影演员的伦理困境

Digital Simulacra and Memory Manipulation: The Ethical Dilemma of Technological “Resurrection” of Movie Actors

摘要: 数字拟像技术(CGI)对演员的数字“复活”让鲍德里亚预言的高阶仿真时代近在咫尺。超真实的数字身体不仅重构了电影的真实观，消解了肉体的唯一性，还入侵了观众的记忆场域。通过批判性地审视当前数字“复活”电影演员的三种主导范式：情感慰藉范式、IP延续范式和艺术实验范式。深刻地揭示其背后隐藏的权力结构和记忆操控以及实践中面临的同意困境、物化困境和真实性困境。力图超越单纯的技术伦理讨论，透视数字“复活”背后围绕死亡尊严、文化记忆与人类主体性所展开的深层博弈，并尝试为构建一种富有人文精神的数字人文主义伦理框架提供理论支撑和案例依据。

Abstract: Digital simulation technology (CGI) that digitally “resurrects” actors brings Baudrillard’s prophecy of the era of high-level simulation within reach. Hyper-realistic digital bodies not only reconstruct the notion of cinematic reality, but also dissolve the uniqueness of the physical body, and invade the field of audiences’ memory. After critically examining the three dominant paradigms of digitally “resurrecting” film actors today, this study deeply reveals the hidden power structures and memory politics behind them, as well as the challenges in practice regarding consent, objectification, and authenticity. Aiming to move beyond purely technical ethical discussions, it offers insights into the profound struggles surrounding dignity in death, cultural memory, and human subjectivity inherent in digital “resurrection”, and attempts to provide theoretical support and case examples for constructing a humanistic ethical framework for digital humanities.