子宫腺肌病——上皮–间质转化抑制药物的 现状与展望
Adenomyosis: Current Status and Future Prospects of Drugs Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
摘要: 子宫腺肌病是女性常见的雌激素依赖性疾病，临床具有高度异质性和多分型特点，其患病率可达70%。其发病核心机制之一是发生2型上皮–间质转化，这一过程是连接多种致病假说的共同效应枢纽，并赋予子宫内膜细胞迁移与侵袭能力，最终导致病灶纤维化结局的关键推动步骤。在临床逐步走向精准医疗的同时，腺肌病的药物治疗逐渐转向非激素及靶点治疗，而其中新型靶点药物和中医药在抑制上皮–间质转化中展现潜力。本文以聚焦抑制上皮–间质转化所涉及的Wnt/β-catenint、TGF-β/Smad、JAK2/STAT3、PI3K/AKT等信号通路对阻止上皮–间质转化的药物临床前研究做一进展综述，以期为临床干预本病提供更全面的联合靶点治疗方向。
Abstract: Adenomyosis is a common estrogen-dependent disorder in women, characterized by high clinical heterogeneity and multiple subtypes, with a prevalence rate reaching up to 70%. A core mechanism underlying its pathogenesis is Type 2 epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This process serves as a convergent hub connecting various pathogenic hypotheses, confers migratory and invasive capabilities to endometrial cells, and acts as a key driver leading to fibrotic outcomes in lesions. While clinical practice is progressively advancing toward precision medicine, the pharmacological management of adenomyosis is gradually shifting toward non-hormonal and targeted therapies. Within this trend, novel targeted agents and traditional Chinese medicine show potential in blocking EMT. This review focuses on drugs that inhibit EMT by targeting relevant signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smad, JAK2/STAT3, and PI3K/AKT pathways, and summarizes recent progress in their preclinical research. The aim is to provide a more comprehensive Perspective on combined targeted therapeutic strategies for the clinical intervention of this disease.
文章引用：周丽娜, 蒲元芳. 子宫腺肌病——上皮–间质转化抑制药物的 现状与展望[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 57-63. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163762

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