液体活检技术在肝细胞癌早期诊断中的 研究进展
Research Progress of Liquid Biopsy Technology in the Early Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.163789, PDF,   
作者: 李佳玮, 王江渝, 罗诗樵*：重庆医科大学附属第一医院肝胆外科，重庆
关键词: 肝细胞癌；早期诊断；液体活检；Hepatocellular Carcinoma； Early Diagnosis； Liquid Biopsy
摘要: 肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)是发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一。其起病隐匿，早期无明显症状，就诊时多数已为疾病中晚期，其预后不良。腹部彩超和甲胎蛋白(alpha-fetoprotein, AFP)作为传统的筛检手段，诊断早期肝细胞癌的灵敏度及特异度低，因此如何早期诊断肝细胞癌一直是研究热点。液体活检技术(Liquid biopsy)是一种新兴的非侵入性检测技术，通过分析体液中生物标志物，如细胞外游离核酸、细胞外囊泡、循环肿瘤细胞、肿瘤诱导血小板等，为肝细胞癌早期诊断及临床预测提供了新途径。本文就液体活检技术在肝细胞癌早期诊断中的研究成果进行综述，旨在为HCC早期精准诊断提供参考。
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignant tumors with the highest incidence and mortality rates. Its onset is insidious, with no obvious symptoms in the early stage, making it impossible to achieve effective early diagnosis and resulting in a poor prognosis. Abdominal Doppler ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), as traditional screening methods, have low sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing early hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, how to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma at an early stage has always been a research hotspot. Liquid biopsy is an emerging non-invasive detection technique. By analyzing biomarkers in body fluids, such as cell-free nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor cells, and tumor-educated platelets, it provides a new approach for the early diagnosis and clinical prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma. This article reviews the research achievements of liquid biopsy technology in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, aiming to provide a reference for the early and precise diagnosis of HCC.
文章引用：李佳玮, 王江渝, 罗诗樵. 液体活检技术在肝细胞癌早期诊断中的 研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 271-277. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163789

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