机器学习在术后恶心呕吐预测中的应用及前景
Application and Prospect of Machine Learning in Prediction of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.163790, PDF,   
作者: 付 奎：日照市人民医院麻醉科，山东 日照；邵文擎*：日照市人民医院疼痛科，山东 日照
关键词: 术后恶心呕吐；机器学习；预测模型；风险因素；Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting； Machine Learning； Prediction Model； Risk Factors
摘要: 术后恶心呕吐(Postoperative nausea and vomiting, PONV)是围术期常见的并发症，严重影响患者的术后康复，具有重要的临床研究意义。PONV的发生受多种因素影响，包括患者因素、麻醉相关因素、手术相关因素等。本文综述了PONV的发生机制、危险因素，并分析了机器学习在PONV预测中的应用、未来研究方向及潜在影响，为进一步提高PONV管理的准确性和个体化医疗提供了新的思路。
Abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common perioperative complication, which seriously affects the postoperative rehabilitation of patients, and has important clinical research significance. The occurrence of PONV is affected by many factors, including patient factors, anesthesia-related factors, surgery-related factors. This study reviews the occurrence mechanism and risk factors of PONV, analyzes the application, future research direction and potential impact of machine learning in PONV prediction, which provides a new idea for further improving the accuracy of PONV management and individualized medical treatment.
文章引用：付奎, 邵文擎. 机器学习在术后恶心呕吐预测中的应用及前景[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 278-283. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163790

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