蜡梅种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的研究

Research on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Characteristics of Chimonanthus praecox

摘要: 在蜡梅栽培领域，亟需快速培育蜡梅实生苗和了解蜡梅苗期的生长发育特性，但这方面的研究信息是缺失的。本研究以成熟的蜡梅种子为材料，快速培育出了大量的实生苗，并对苗期的生长特性进行了研究，结果表明，2025年5月30日采集的成熟的蜡梅种子在14 d内能达到97%的萌发率，最佳萌发温度是30/20℃和25℃。而且，在培养条件下，蜡梅幼苗生长良好，其多个营养器官呈现明显的增长态势，叶片从2枚增加到了9枚，株高从6.77 cm增长至13.28 cm，地径从1.82 mm增加至3.14 mm，根系也发育良好。由此可知，5月底新采集的蜡梅种子是非休眠的，在适宜的条件下能快速成苗，4个月后能发育成高质量的小苗。这为蜡梅实生苗的培育与管理提供了颇有价值的参考信息。

Abstract: In the field of wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link) cultivation, it is urgently needed to rapidly cultivate seedlings by seeds and understand growth characteristics of these seedlings. However, information on rapid breeding of seedlings and seedling growth has been unobtainable. In the present study, mature wintersweet seeds were used as experimental materials to rapidly cultivate a large number of seedlings, and the growth characteristics of the seedlings were also investigated. The results showed that wintersweet seeds, which were collected on May 30, 2025, germinated well within 14 days, with 97% of the germination percentage at 30/20˚C and 25˚C that were optimal. Moreover, under the cultivation conditions, the wintersweet seedlings grew well, with multiple vegetative organs showing a significant growth trend. The number of leaves increased from 2 to 9, the plant height increased from 6.77 cm to 13.28 cm, the ground diameter increased from 1.82 mm to 3.14 mm, and the root system also developed well. Based on these data, it was inferred that the newly collected wintersweet seeds at the end of May were non-dormant and could quickly develop seedlings under suitable conditions. After 4 months, these seedlings could develop into high-quality seedlings. Thus, this research provides valuable reference information for the cultivation and management of wintersweet seedlings.