基于自适应三角剖分的抛物聚焦型定日镜的建模与聚光特性研究

Research on the Modeling and Optical Characteristics of the Parabolic Heliostat Based on Adaptive Triangular Subdivision Method

摘要: 在塔式太阳能发电厂中，大型定日镜通常是通过多面镜片组装成抛物面型构造的。现有的研究在新兴的五边形、六边形等非矩形抛物型定日镜上仍存在较大的空白。针对该问题，本文提出了一种基于GPU的双向光线追踪建模仿真计算方法，适用于多种形状(如矩形、五边形、六边形及八边形)的抛物聚焦型定日镜。该方法核心在于利用Loop自适应三角剖分算法对非矩形镜面进行高精度离散化，建立位于抛物面上的镜片的法向量与中心坐标，实现了聚焦型抛物面上的镜片的物理建模。研究对比了不同形状的平面型与抛物聚焦型定日镜的辐射能密度分布和定日镜场效率。仿真结果表明，抛物型构造显著缩小了接收器表面的光斑尺寸，有效提升接收器表面拦截效率，最高可达9.5%。本研究为未来高效、多元化定日镜场的设计与优化提供了重要的理论依据与工具支持。

Abstract: In solar power tower plants, large-scale heliostats are typically constructed by assembling multiple mirror into a paraboloidal configuration. However, a significant research gap remains regarding emerging non-rectangular heliostats, such as pentagon and hexagon heliostat. To address this issue, this paper proposes a GPU-based bidirectional ray-tracing modeling and simulation method, applicable to various parabolic heliostat shape, including rectangles, pentagons, hexagons, and octagons. The core of this method lies in utilizing the Loop adaptive triangular subdivision algorithm for high-precision discretization of non-rectangular mirror surfaces. By establishing the normal vectors and center coordinates of the mirror facets on the paraboloid, achieving accurately physical modeling of parabolic heliostat. This study compares the flux density distribution and heliostat field efficiency between flat and parabolic heliostats across different geometries. Simulation results demonstrate that the parabolic configuration significantly reduces the spot size on the receiver surface and effectively enhances the intercept efficiency up to 9.5%. This research provides a robust theoretical foundation and computational tool for the design and optimization of high-efficiency, diversified heliostat fields in the future.