复合种植模式下喷施多效唑对不同结荚习性大豆品种农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of Paclobutrazol Spraying on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybean Varieties with Different Pod-Bearing Habits under Intercropping Mode

摘要: 研究旨在探究大豆玉米带状复合种植模式下(2:3行比)，在初花期喷施15%多效唑可湿性粉剂(70 g/亩)对不同结荚习性大豆品种农艺性状及产量的影响。选取了4个有限结荚习性品种和4个亚有限结荚习性品种作为试验材料。结果表明，多效唑处理显著降低了大豆株高(平均降幅26.04%)和结荚高度，且亚有限结荚品种的降幅大于有限结荚品种。同时，多效唑处理增加了大豆的分枝数、单株荚数和单株重量，最终导致产量增加(平均增幅5.67%)，其中亚有限结荚品种的产量增幅(8.07%)优于有限结荚品种(3.27%)。研究结论认为多效唑能有效控旺防倒，且对亚有限结荚习性品种的增产效果更佳，并推荐了秦豆2018等三个适宜复合种植的大豆品种。

Abstract: This study aimed to explore the effects of spraying 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder (70 g per mu) at the initial flowering stage on agronomic traits and yield of soybean varieties with different pod-bearing habits under the soybean-maize strip intercropping pattern (2:3 row ratio). Four determinate pod-bearing soybean varieties and four semi-determinate pod-bearing soybean varieties were selected as the test materials. The results showed that paclobutrazol treatment significantly reduced soybean plant height (with an average decrease of 26.04%) and pod height, and the reduction amplitudes of semi-determinate pod-bearing varieties were higher than those of determinate ones. Meanwhile, paclobutrazol treatment increased the branch number, pod number per plant, and plant weight per plant of soybean, which ultimately led to a yield increase (with an average increase of 5.67%). Among them, the yield increase amplitude of semi-determinate pod-bearing varieties (8.07%) was better than that of determinate ones (3.27%). It is concluded that paclobutrazol can effectively control excessive vegetative growth and prevent lodging, and has a better yield-increasing effect on semi-determinate pod-bearing soybean varieties. In addition, three soybean varieties suitable for strip intercropping, such as Qindou 2018, were recommended in this study.