早产儿喂养不耐受的诊疗进展
Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Feeding Intolerance in Premature Infants
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.163829, PDF,   
作者: 刘超飞, 姜 泓*：延安大学附属医院新生儿科，陕西 延安
关键词: 早产儿；喂养不耐受；诊疗；综述；Premature Infants； Feeding Intolerance； Diagnosis and Treatment； Summarize
摘要: 早产儿喂养不耐受(Feeding Intolerance, FI)是新生儿重症监护室(NICU)中常见的临床问题，尤其多见于胎龄小、出生体重低的早产儿。其临床表现包括胃残余量增加、腹胀、呕吐等，可导致完全肠内喂养时间延迟、住院时间延长，并增加坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)等严重疾病的风险。近年来，针对FI的防治策略取得了显著进展，已从单一的对症处理发展为涵盖微生物干预、药物疗法、营养支持、物理疗法及风险预测在内的综合管理方案。本综述系统梳理了近年的相关研究，旨在为临床工作者提供最新的FI治疗实践参考。
Abstract: Feeding intolerance (FI) is a common clinical problem in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), especially in premature infants with small gestational age and low birth weight. Its clinical manifestations include increased gastric remnant, abdominal distension, vomiting, etc., which can lead to delayed complete enteral feeding, prolonged hospital stay, and increased the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and other serious diseases. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the prevention and treatment strategies for FI, which has developed from a single symptomatic treatment to a comprehensive management plan covering microbial intervention, drug therapy, nutritional support, physical therapy and risk prediction. This review systematically combs the relevant research in recent years, aiming to provide the latest practical reference for clinical workers in FI treatment.
文章引用：刘超飞, 姜泓. 早产儿喂养不耐受的诊疗进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(3): 618-627. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.163829

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