空地异构机器人协同系统的技术架构与实现路径：面向低空经济驱动的智慧城市治理

Technical Architecture and Implementation Path of Air-Ground Heterogeneous Robot Collaboration Systems: Towards Smart City Governance Driven by the Low-Altitude Economy

摘要: 低空经济的高速发展催生了城市治理能力现代化的新技术手段，无人机、地面机器人等新一代智能体因能够满足城市公共安全、交通疏导、应急处置等复杂场景下展现出其独特的优势。但单类别的机器人因其物理形态和功能特点而难以单独完成智慧城市治理所需要完成的多元化任务。基于此，本文提出了面向智慧城市治理的空地异构机器人协同系统的理念，将空中单元、地面单元结合在一起，通过空中单元、地面单元间智能协同与能力互补，搭建一种日常运营、应急响应可灵活切换的弹性作业体系，并通过分章节分别对系统的整体框架、核心实现方式以及关键技术等内容进行介绍分析，结合典型案例说明该系统应用于实际城市的可行性。本文为使用精细化、智能化的手段来进行城市治理提供一种可落地执行的技术方案。

Abstract: The rapid development of the low-altitude economy has given rise to new technological means for modernizing urban governance capabilities. Next-generation intelligent agents such as drones and ground robots demonstrate unique advantages in meeting the demands of complex scenarios like urban public safety, traffic management, and emergency response. However, single-category robots struggle to independently fulfill the diverse tasks required for smart city governance due to their physical form and functional limitations. Therefore, this paper proposes the concept of an air-ground heterogeneous robot collaboration system for smart city governance. By integrating aerial and ground units, it establishes a flexible operational system capable of seamless switching between daily operations and emergency responses through intelligent collaboration and complementary capabilities between the units. The paper introduces and analyzes the system’s overall framework, core implementation methods, and key technologies in separate sections, and demonstrates its feasibility for real-world urban applications through typical case studies. This paper provides a practical technical solution for urban governance that employs refined and intelligent means.