企业基础研究的新组织模式：联合基金驱动下链主引领的产业链协同机制研究

New Organisational Models for Corporate Basic Research: A Study on Industrial Chain Collaboration Mechanisms Led by Chain Leaders under Joint Fund Driving

摘要: 在国家创新体系深化发展的背景下，企业角色正从技术应用者向基础研究的重要主体转变。国家自然科学基金委员会企业联合基金为企业主导开展基础研究提供了关键的制度平台。本文聚焦于该平台下涌现的一种新型模式——由链主企业引领的产业链协同，旨在解构其作为企业基础研究新组织模式的内在逻辑。研究从企业基础研究的战略动机与挑战出发，构建了一个整合“动机–结构–机制”的理论框架。该框架系统分析了企业如何通过联合基金整合产业链资源，将个体研究行为升华为网络化研究生态，以攻克产业共性科学问题。本文深入剖析了该模式下不同参与方的知识创造、利益分配与治理机制。研究不仅丰富了企业基础研究的理论内涵，也为理解链主企业在构建创新生态中的核心作用提供了新视角，并对政策与实践具有重要启示。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of deepening development within the national innovation system, enterprises are transitioning from technology adopters to key players in fundamental research. The National Natural Science Foundation of China’s Corporate Joint Fund provides a crucial institutional platform for enterprises to spearhead basic research. This paper focuses on an advanced model emerging within this framework—industrial chain collaboration led by chain-leading enterprises—aiming to deconstruct its intrinsic logic as a novel organisational model for corporate fundamental research. Beginning with the strategic motivations and challenges of corporate basic research, the study constructs an integrated “motivation-structure-mechanism” theoretical framework. This framework systematically analyses how enterprises leverage the Joint Fund to consolidate industrial chain resources, elevating individual research activities into a networked research ecosystem to tackle common industrial scientific challenges. The paper delves into the knowledge creation, benefit distribution, and governance mechanisms among different participants within this model. This research not only enriches the theoretical understanding of corporate basic research but also offers new perspectives on the pivotal role of lead enterprises in building innovation ecosystems, providing significant implications for policy and practice.