基于连接组预测模型的视角：童年创伤、脑网络连接与抑郁的关联及记忆控制的调节作用

A Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling Perspective: The Associations among Childhood Trauma, Brain Network Connectivity, and Depression, and the Moderating Role of Memory Control

摘要: 童年创伤是抑郁症的重要风险因素，但其神经机制及个体差异尚不清楚。本文基于连接组预测模型(CPM)的视角，系统梳理了童年创伤如何通过影响大脑功能连接，进而增加抑郁风险，并重点探讨记忆控制在这一过程中的调节作用。研究发现，童年创伤与默认模式网络、突显网络和执行控制网络等核心脑网络的功能连接异常密切相关，这些异常可通过CPM模型稳定预测个体的创伤暴露程度和抑郁症状。更重要的是，记忆控制能力显著调节“童年创伤→脑网络异常→抑郁”这一神经认知路径：高记忆控制者表现出更强的韧性，能够缓冲创伤带来的神经心理影响；而低记忆控制者则更易受到负面神经路径的影响。本文整合神经影像与认知机制研究，为早期识别高危个体及开发精准干预策略提供了新思路。

Abstract: Childhood trauma is a well-established risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the underlying neural mechanisms and individual differences in vulnerability remain poorly understood. From the perspective of connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), this review systematically examines how childhood trauma increases depression risk by influencing brain functional connectivity, with a focus on the moderating role of memory control in this process. Findings indicate that childhood trauma is strongly associated with abnormal functional connectivity within and between core brain networks—including the default mode network, salience network, and executive control network—which can reliably predict individual differences in trauma exposure and depressive symptoms via the CPM model. More importantly, memory control (MC) ability significantly modulates the neurocognitive pathway from “childhood trauma to brain network abnormalities to depression”: individuals with high memory control exhibit greater resilience, buffering the neuropsychological impact of trauma, whereas those with low memory control are more susceptible to adverse neural pathways. By integrating neuroimaging and cognitive mechanism research, this review offers novel insights for early identification of high-risk individuals and development of targeted interventions.