穴位按压联合耳穴贴压护理对脊柱手术PONV的干预效果研究
Acupressure Combined with Auricular Point Pressing Nursing: A Study on Its Intervention Effect on PONV after Spinal Surgery
摘要: 目的：探讨穴位按压联合耳穴贴压护理对脊柱手术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的干预效果。方法：回顾性分析2023年1月至2024年12月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院脊柱外二科收治的120例脊柱手术患者，根据干预方式分为观察组(穴位按压 + 耳穴贴压 + 常规护理，n = 60)和对照组(常规护理，n = 60)。比较两组患者术后恶心呕吐发生率、视觉模拟评分(VAS)、止吐药物使用情况、胃肠功能恢复时间及护理满意度。结果：观察组术后恶心呕吐总发生率为23.33% (14/60)，显著低于对照组的56.67% (34/60) (P < 0.05)。术后24 h、48 h、72 h，观察组恶心VAS评分分别为(3.25 ± 1.12)分、(2.08 ± 0.89)分、(1.12 ± 0.56)分，均显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。观察组止吐药物使用率为15.00% (9/60)，显著低于对照组的38.33% (23/60 < 0.05)。观察组肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间、首次进食时间分别为(22.35 ± 4.12) h、(28.45 ± 5.23) h、(30.15 ± 6.34) h，均显著短于对照组 < 0.05)。结论：穴位按压联合耳穴贴压护理能有效降低脊柱手术后恶心呕吐发生率，减轻恶心呕吐程度，促进胃肠功能恢复，提高护理满意度，值得临床推广应用。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the intervention effect of acupressure combined with auricular point plaster therapy nursing on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after spinal surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients who underwent spinal surgery in the Second Department of Spinal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2023 to December 2024. Based on the intervention methods, they were divided into an observation group (acupressure + auricular point plaster therapy + routine nursing, n = 60) and a control group (routine nursing, n = 60). The incidence of PONV, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, usage of antiemetics, gastrointestinal function recovery time, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The total incidence of PONV in the observation group was 23.33% (14/60), significantly lower than 56.67% (34/60) in the control group (P < 0.05). At 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively, the nausea VAS scores in the observation group were (3.25 ± 1.12), (2.08 ± 0.89), and (1.12 ± 0.56) points, respectively, all significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The antiemetic drug usage rate in the observation group was 15.00% (9/60), significantly lower than 38.33% (23/60) in the control group (P < 0.05). The recovery time of bowel sounds, time to first flatus, and time to first oral intake in the observation group were (22.35 ± 4.12) h, (28.45 ± 5.23) h, and (30.15 ± 6.34) h, respectively, all significantly shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Acupressure combined with auricular point plaster therapy nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of PONV after spinal surgery, alleviate the severity of nausea and vomiting, promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, and improve nursing satisfaction, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
文章引用：王新茹, 赵建花, 魏蓉. 穴位按压联合耳穴贴压护理对脊柱手术PONV的干预效果研究[J]. 护理学, 2026, 15(3): 27-33. https://doi.org/10.12677/ns.2026.153064

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