基于制度分析与发展(IAD)框架的农户宅基地纠纷产生影响因素的组态分析

A Configurational Analysis of Factors Influencing Farmers’ Homestead Disputes Based on the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework

摘要: 为揭示农村宅基地纠纷的复杂成因，本文基于制度分析与发展(IAD)框架，运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法，对省级层面纠纷形成的组态路径进行实证检验。结果表明：宅基地纠纷生成呈现“多重并发因果”特征，可归纳为资源稀缺驱动型、转型冲突型与多重压力共振型三条典型路径，且基层治理效能仍存在提升空间是贯穿各路径的核心制约因素。据此提出，宅基地治理应突破同质化政策模式，依据不同路径机制实施精准化的分类治理策略，以增强政策干预的针对性与实效性。

Abstract: To reveal the deep-seated and complex causes of rural homestead disputes, this study empirically tests the configurational paths of dispute formation at the provincial level based on the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and by using the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) method. The results show that the emergence of homestead disputes is characterized by the “multiple concurrent causality”, which can be summarized into three typical paths: the resource scarcity-driven, the transformation conflict-driven, and the multiple pressure resonance-driven. Moreover, insufficient room for improvement in grassroots governance effectiveness is the core restrictive factor running through all paths of dispute formation. Based on this, it is proposed that homestead governance should break through the homogeneous policy model and implement precise classified governance strategies according to different path mechanisms, so as to enhance the pertinence and practical and targeted effectiveness of policy interventions.