盘锦市土地利用类型的遥感自动识别与分类研究——CART决策树算法的应用与精度评价

Remote Sensing Automatic Identification and Classification of Land Use Types in Panjin City—Application and Accuracy Evaluation of the CART Decision Tree Algorithm

摘要: 遥感监测土地利用现状是遥感科学的重要研究方向。本文从地理空间数据云网站下载了辽宁省盘锦市2002年、2011年、2022年的6景Landsat数据，利用CART算法进行了土地利用类型分类研究。将盘锦市土地利用类型分为林地、草地、耕地、水域、建设用地、其它用地6类。研究工具主要采用了ENVI软件和ArcGIS软件，研究方法是多波段彩色合成，每年2景图像镶嵌处理，按照盘锦市行政边界裁剪，训练样本选择，CART算法分类，分类精度评价，土地利用类型图制作，每种土地利用类型面积统计，土地利用动态度计算，土地利用转移矩阵计算。主要研究结论是：从2002年到2011年，盘锦市建设用地、草地、其它用地的面积在增加，耕地、林地、水域的面积在减少，建设用地面积增加最多，增加219.31 km²，林地面积减少最多，减少236.71 km²。从2011年到2022年，建设用地、草地、其它用地的面积在增加，水域、林地、耕地的面积在减少，建设用地面积增加最多，增加376.12 km²，水域面积减少最多，减少323.44 km²。从2002年到2022年，建设用地、草地、其它用地的面积在增加，建设用地面积增加最多，增加595.43 km²，林地面积减少最多，减少397.58 km²。从2002年到2011年，耕地转移为建设用地的面积是139.87 km²。从2011年到2022年，耕地转移为建设用地的面积是331.36 km²。从2002年到2022年，耕地转移为建设用地的面积是373.84 km²。

Abstract: Remote sensing monitoring of land use status is an important research direction in remote sensing science. This article downloaded six Landsat data from the Geospatial Data Cloud website in Panjin City, Liaoning Province in 2002, 2011, and 2022, and conducted land use type classification research using the CART algorithm. Divide the land use types of Panjin City into 6 categories: forest land, grassland, cultivated land, water area, construction land, and other land. The research tools mainly used ENVI software and ArcGIS software. The research method was multi band color synthesis, with 2 images mosaic processing per year. The data was cropped according to the administrative boundary of Panjin City, training sample selection, CART algorithm classification, classification accuracy evaluation, land use type map production, area statistics of each land use type, land use dynamic degree calculation, and land use transfer matrix calculation. The main research conclusion is that from 2002 to 2011, the area of construction land, grassland, and other land in Panjin City has been increasing, while the area of arable land, forest land, and water area has been decreasing. The construction land area has increased the most by 219.31 km², while the forest land area has decreased the most by 236.71 km². From 2011 to 2022, the area of construction land, grassland, and other land was increasing, while the area of water, forest, and farmland was decreasing. The construction land area has increased the most, with an increase of 376.12 km², and the water area has decreased the most, with a decrease of 323.44 km². From 2002 to 2022, the area of construction land, grassland, and other land has been increasing, with construction land increasing the most by 595.43 km² and forest land decreasing the most by 397.58 km². From 2002 to 2011, the area of cultivated land transferred to construction land was 139.87 km². From 2011 to 2022, the area of cultivated land transferred to construction land was 331.36 km². From 2002 to 2022, the area of cultivated land transferred to construction land was 373.84 km².