大数据建设对城市应急管理敏捷性的影响路径研究

Research on the Influence Path of Big Data Construction on the Agility of Urban Emergency Management

摘要: 本研究聚焦我国省会城市，探讨大数据建设对城市应急管理敏捷性的影响路径。基于“技术–政策–治理–运营–融合”五维分析框架，选取2022年30个省会城市的事故灾难案例，运用模糊集定性比较分析方法，从数字基础设施、政策支持、服务治理、产业融合与建设运营等条件变量出发，分析其组态效应对应急管理敏捷性的作用机制。研究发现：单一条件不构成高敏捷性的必要条件，但存在基础驱动型、运营驱动型与政策补偿型三类等效路径；数字基础设施与政策支持的双核驱动、运营能力与治理水平的协同优化是提升应急响应效能的关键。研究为差异化城市应急管理能力建设提供理论依据与实践参考。

Abstract: This study focuses on provincial capital cities in China to explore the influence path of big data construction on the agility of urban emergency management. Based on a five-dimensional analytical framework of “Technology-Policy-Governance-Operations-Integration”, cases of accident disasters in 30 provincial capital cities in 2022 are selected. Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), the study examines the configurational effects of conditional variables—digital infrastructure, policy support, service governance, industrial integration, and construction operations—on the agility of emergency management. The findings reveal that no single condition is necessary for high agility, but three equivalent paths exist: infrastructure-driven, operations-driven, and policy-compensated. The dual-core drive of digital infrastructure and policy support, along with the synergistic optimization of operational capabilities and governance levels, is key to enhancing emergency response efficiency. This research provides theoretical and practical insights for differentiated urban emergency management capacity building.