中药调控钙超载改善肠缺血再灌注损伤的研究进展
Research Progress on the Regulation of Calcium Overload by Traditional Chinese Medicine to Improve Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
摘要: 肠缺血再灌注(Intestine ischemia/reperfusion, II/R)损伤是指肠道供血暂时中断后血流恢复而引起的组织和细胞损伤，多见于急性肠系膜缺血、失血性休克及小肠移植等场景，其高病死率和多器官累及特性已成为临床治疗的重要挑战。细胞内钙稳态失衡引发的钙超载是II/R损伤发生的核心病理环节，可通过多途径介导肠上皮细胞损伤、肠黏膜屏障破坏及全身性炎症反应。目前临床缺乏针对II/R损伤的特效药物，而中药凭借多靶点、多通路的干预优势，在调控钙稳态、改善II/R损伤方面展现出显著潜力。本文系统综述单味中药及活性成分、中药复方及中成药通过调控钙超载改善II/R损伤的研究进展，从作用机制、实验证据等方面进行梳理，为中药防治II/R损伤的进一步研究与临床转化提供参考。
Abstract: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury refers to the tissue and cell damage caused by the temporary interruption of intestinal blood supply followed by the restoration of blood flow. It is commonly seen in scenarios such as acute mesenteric ischemia, hemorrhagic shock, and small intestine transplantation. The high mortality rate and multi-organ involvement characteristics of II/R injury have become significant challenges in clinical treatment. Calcium overload resulting from intracellular calcium homeostasis imbalance is the core pathological link in the occurrence of II/R injury, which can mediate intestinal epithelial cell damage, intestinal mucosal barrier disruption, and systemic inflammatory responses through multiple pathways. Currently, there are no specific drugs for II/R injury in clinical practice. However, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway intervention, has shown significant potential in regulating calcium homeostasis and improving II/R injury. This article systematically reviews the research progress on the improvement of II/R injury by single herbs, active components, TCM formulas, and TCM preparations through regulating calcium overload. It sorts out the research from aspects such as mechanisms of action and experimental evidence, providing a reference for further research and clinical application of TCM in the prevention and treatment of II/R injury.
文章引用：程美钰, 岳妍. 中药调控钙超载改善肠缺血再灌注损伤的研究进展[J]. 中医学, 2026, 15(3): 117-123. https://doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2026.153142

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